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FNAC Test in India: Purpose, Procedure, and Cost for Bangladeshi Patients

FNAC Test in India: Purpose, Procedure, and Cost for Bangladeshi Patients

Learn about the FNAC test for Bangladeshi patients in India, including its purpose, procedure, cost, and how to book diagnostics at Apollo Hospitals.
Doctor performing a Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) procedure on a patient lying on a bed, using a needle for sample extraction.

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When health concerns arise, finding answers quickly and accurately becomes essential.

For Bangladeshi patients travelling to India for treatment, the FNAC test, fnac full form in medical (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) is a widely trusted diagnostic tool that offers critical insights into various conditions, from infections to potential cancers. 

Finding out what’s causing your symptoms is essential, especially when quick and accurate answers can guide your treatment journey.

But what exactly does this test involve, and how can it benefit you on your medical journey? 

Here’s everything you need to know about the FNAC test definition, its purpose, procedure, and costs so you’re prepared for every step of the way.

What is an FNAC Test and When is it Needed?

The FNAC medical abbreviation is often used in medical documents, and understanding the FNAC meaning helps clarify its role as a diagnostic tool.

A Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) test is a diagnostic procedure where a thin, hollow needle is used to extract a small sample of cells or fluid from a lump or swelling in the body. 

This sample is then examined under a microscope to identify any abnormalities, such as infections, benign growths, or cancers.

Common Conditions and Symptoms Requiring an FNAC Test:

  • Lumps or Masses: Unexplained lumps in areas like the neck, breast, or thyroid gland.
  • Swollen Lymph Nodes: Persistent enlargement of lymph nodes, which may indicate infections or other conditions.
  • Thyroid Nodules: Growths in the thyroid gland that need evaluation for potential thyroid disorders.
  • Breast Lumps: To determine if a breast lump is benign or malignant.
  • Salivary Gland Swellings: To assess swellings in the salivary glands for possible infections or tumours.

Purpose and Uses of the FNAC Test

Diagnosing Cancers

FNAC is often used to detect cancerous cells, enabling early diagnosis and treatment planning. 

Detecting Infections

The test can identify infections by revealing pathogens within the tissue sample. 

Assessing Inflammatory Conditions

FNAC aids in identifying inflammatory conditions by analysing the nature and level of inflammation in tissues. 

FNAC Applications for Different Organs

The FNAC test is versatile and is used to diagnose different conditions in various parts of the body. Here’s a breakdown of its applications for specific organs:

Responsive Organ Table
Organ Purpose Recommended For
Breast Evaluate breast lumps to differentiate between benign and malignant tumours. Patients with suspicious breast masses, especially when physical exams and imaging suggest further investigation.
Thyroid Examines thyroid nodules to detect conditions like thyroiditis or thyroid cancer. Individuals with abnormal thyroid function or visible thyroid lumps.
Lymph Nodes Investigates enlarged lymph nodes to diagnose infections, lymphomas, or spread of cancer from other sites. Individuals experiencing persistent or unexplained lymph node swelling.
Salivary Glands Assesses swellings or masses in the salivary glands to determine infections or tumours. Persistent swelling in the salivary glands.
Liver Can detect liver diseases, including liver cancer, by analysing cell samples from liver tissue. Patients showing abnormal liver function tests or liver abnormalities in imaging.

How the FNAC Test is Performed

Preparation

  • The patient is positioned comfortably, depending on the location of the lump.
  • The skin over the area is cleaned with an antiseptic solution to prevent infection.
  • A local anaesthetic may be applied to numb the area, though it's often unnecessary due to the minimal discomfort involved.

Sample Collection

  • A thin, hollow needle attached to a syringe is inserted into the lump or swelling.
  • The healthcare provider gently moves the needle back and forth to collect a sample of cells or fluid.
  • In some cases, imaging guidance like ultrasound is used to accurately locate the area, especially if the lump is not easily felt.

Post-Procedure

  • The needle is removed, and pressure is applied to the site to stop any bleeding.
  • A small bandage may be placed over the area.
  • The collected sample is spread onto glass slides, stained with special dyes, and examined under a microscope by a pathologist to identify any abnormalities.

Involvement of Specialists

Radiologists

They may assist by providing imaging guidance, such as ultrasound, to ensure precise needle placement, particularly for lumps that are deep or not easily palpable.

Pathologists

They analyse the collected cell samples under a microscope to diagnose conditions like infections, benign growths, or cancers. 

How to Prepare for the FNAC Test

Medication Adjustments

Inform your doctor if you're taking anticoagulants; you may need to pause these temporarily.

Avoid aspirin or ibuprofen a week before the test, as these affect blood clotting.

Fasting

Generally not required. If sedation or certain organs are involved, your doctor may advise fasting for a few hours.

Clothing and Personal Care

Wear loose-fitting clothes for easy access to the test area.

Remove any jewellery near the test site.

Medical History and Allergies

Inform your doctor of your full medical history, especially any allergies to anaesthetics or antiseptics.

What to Expect During the Procedure

Duration: Usually under 10 minutes.

Discomfort: Minimal, though slight pressure or discomfort may occur.

Post-Procedure: Mild bruising or tenderness is common and should subside quickly; follow any aftercare instructions from your provider.

FNAC Test Cost in India

Below is an approximate comparison of FNAC test costs in various countries:

Responsive Cost Table
Country Approximate Cost (Local Currency) Approximate Cost (USD)
India ₹500 – ₹5,000 $6 – $62
United States $150 – $500 $150 – $500
United Kingdom £120 – £400 $150 – $500
Australia AUD 200 – AUD 600 $130 – $400

Note: These figures are approximate and may vary based on specific healthcare providers, locations, and whether additional services such as imaging guidance are required.

Why Choose Apollo Hospitals for FNAC Test in India

Experienced Specialists

Apollo Hospitals employs skilled pathologists and radiologists proficient in performing FNAC procedures, ensuring accurate diagnoses.

Advanced Equipment

The hospitals are equipped with state-of-the-art diagnostic tools, facilitating precise and efficient FNAC tests.

Why Apollo Hospitals is Preferred by Bangladeshi Patients

Proximity and Accessibility

Apollo Hospitals' locations in cities like Kolkata and Chennai are geographically closer to Bangladesh, reducing travel time and expenses.

Comprehensive Care

They offer a wide range of medical services, allowing patients to receive all necessary treatments under one roof.

International Patient Services

Apollo Hospitals provides dedicated services for international patients, including assistance with travel arrangements, accommodation, and language support, ensuring a comfortable experience. 

Interpreting FNAC Test Results

A Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) test analyses cells from a lump or swelling to determine their nature. Understanding the possible outcomes is crucial for appropriate medical decisions.

Responsive Outcome Table
Possible Outcome Meaning Next Steps
Benign (Non-Cancerous) The cells appear normal, indicating a non-cancerous condition. Regular monitoring may be advised to ensure no changes occur.
Malignant (Cancerous) Abnormal cells suggest the presence of cancer. Further tests, such as imaging or a surgical biopsy, are necessary to determine the cancer's type and stage, guiding treatment options.
Suspicious or Atypical Cells show abnormalities that are not clearly benign or malignant. Additional diagnostic procedures, like a repeat FNAC or a core biopsy, may be recommended for a definitive diagnosis.
Inconclusive or Non-Diagnostic The sample lacks sufficient cells for an accurate assessment. A repeat FNAC or alternative diagnostic methods may be necessary to obtain a conclusive result.

How Bangla Health Connect Assists Bangladeshi Patients

Hospital Bookings

We assist in scheduling appointments for procedures like the Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) test at Apollo Hospitals, ensuring timely and coordinated care.

Travel Arrangements

Our team helps organise travel plans, including flight ticket bookings and visa applications, to streamline your journey to India.

Language Support

Our Bengali-speaking staff bridges communication gaps, ensuring you understand every aspect of your medical care.

The FNAC test is a valuable diagnostic tool, providing quick and reliable insights into a wide range of health conditions. By understanding its purpose, procedure, and costs, patients can feel more confident and prepared as they embark on their treatment journey. 

At Bangla Health Connect, we’re here to support you through every step, from arranging appointments and travel to ensuring seamless communication, so you can focus on what matters most, your health.

Note: Bangla Health Connect does not provide medical advice of any kind.

Connect with us to plan your medical travel to Apollo India from Bangladesh
Rely on Bangla Health Connect, authorized representative of Apollo Hospitals India in Bangladesh.

FAQs

Is the FNAC test painful?

The FNAC test is generally not painful. A local anaesthetic may be used to numb the area, making the procedure more comfortable. Please consult a doctor for personalised advice and further information.

How long does the procedure take?

The FNAC procedure typically takes less than 10 to 15 minutes. However, the entire visit, including preparation and aftercare, may take around 30 minutes. 

Can FNAC detect cancer?

Yes, FNAC can detect cancer by identifying abnormal or malignant cells in the sample. However, additional tests may be required to confirm the diagnosis, as well as to determine the cancer type and stage.

Are there any risks associated with the FNAC test?

FNAC is a safe procedure with minimal risks. Some patients may experience mild bruising, tenderness, or slight bleeding at the insertion site. In rare cases, there is a risk of infection. Discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider before the procedure.

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